When water flows through a pipe system there are resistances as a result of changes in direction, valves and fittings and pipe friction. The flow resistances are directly dependent on the geometry of the pipe elements and the number and type of fittings. In addition, the flow velocity plays a key role in the occurrence of pressure losses.
The unit used to investigate and visualise the pressure distribution in a pipe system. The trainer enables the examination by experiment of different influencing factors on the pressure losses in real pipe systems. The relationship between pump characteristic and system characteristic is studied in the experiment. The pipe elements used are commercially standard components in heating and sanitary engineering. The clear panel is mounted on a sturdy, movable frame.
The trainer can be operated independently from the mains water network and is equipped with a pump and a water tank. Pipe elements with varying radii and straight pipes with varying diameters are located in a closed water circuit. In addition, various standard valves from heating engineering are also installed. There are pressure measuring points between the various elements in order to determine the pressure loss of each pipe element.
The respective pressures can be read via the tube manometer with reference to the height of the liquid column. The flow rate is measured by and read from a rotameter.
The well-structured instructional material sets out the fundamentals and provides a step-by-step guide through the experiments.
Learning Objectives / Experiments
Pressure curve in a closed pipe system with circulation pump
Influence of pipe diameter, flow velocity, change in cross-section and pipe fittings on the pressure losses
Determination of pump characteristics, system characteristics and the operating point
Specification
Investigation of the pressure losses at contractions, pipe angles, pipe bends, valves and fittings and pipe elements of different diameter
Pipe elements are commercially standard components in heating and sanitary engineering
Clear panel mounted on a sturdy, movable frame
Closed water circuit with pump and tank
Integrated bleed valve on manometer and in the pipe section
Flow measurement using rotameter
Measurement of the pressure distribution at 13 pressure measuring points, display with 13 tube manometers